Adenoid glands are located at the back of the nose and are part of the immune system. They resemble small patches of tissue and serve important functions in young children; they help protect the body from viruses and bacteria. Adenoids begin to shrink in children around the ages of 5 to 7 and can nearly disappear in adolescence.

What is Adenoidectomy?

Adenoidectomy, also known as adenoid removal or adenoid surgery, is a surgical procedure performed to remove the adenoid glands. While adenoids help protect the body from viruses and bacteria, they can sometimes become swollen and chronically infected. These infections can be caused by allergies or other factors. Some children may also be born with abnormally large adenoids.

When a child’s adenoids enlarge, they can partially block the airway, leading to respiratory problems, ear infections, or sleep apnea (brief pauses in breathing during sleep). Chronic nasal discharge, congestion, and sinusitis can also occur. Enlarged adenoids can contribute to recurrent ear infections and chronic fluid in the ears, which can result in temporary hearing loss.

Surgery is typically required to remove the glands. There is no evidence that the ability to fight infections is compromised after the surgery.

Adenoidectomy is usually performed on children between the ages of 1 and 7. As a child reaches the age of 7, the adenoids naturally begin to shrink. In adults, the adenoids are considered vestigial organs with no function.

When to See a Doctor?
If you suspect that your child has issues related to their adenoids due to respiratory and ear-related problems or recurrent sinus infections, it is important to consult a doctor. After taking a medical history, the doctor will examine your child’s adenoids using an X-ray or a small camera inserted into the nose.

Based on your child’s symptoms, the doctor may recommend adenoid removal.