What is Acne?

Acne is the most common skin condition, and most people develop acne to varying degrees during their lifetime. While it primarily affects teenagers undergoing hormonal changes, many adults also experience acne. Acne can be mild (few, occasional pimples), moderate (inflammatory papules), or severe (nodules and cysts) and may lead to scarring. The treatment varies depending on the severity of the condition.

What Causes Acne?

Acne is a hormonal condition primarily driven by the activation of male hormones during adolescence. Sensitivity to such hormones, along with skin bacteria and fatty acids in the oil glands, contributes to the development of acne. Acne usually appears in areas of the body where oil glands are abundant, such as the face, chest, shoulders, and back.
The formation of acne starts with clogged pores, resulting in the appearance of blackheads or whiteheads. If these points become inflamed, they can progress to papules and pustules (small bumps), nodules, and cysts. Larger nodules and cysts, often associated with the bursting of pimples, can lead to scarring.

In some cases, acne can worsen due to:

• Menstrual periods (fluctuating hormone levels)
• Squeezing or picking at acne
• Clothing items like hats and sports helmets
• Environmental factors such as air pollution and specific weather conditions, especially high humidity.