Norovirus is the name of a group of viruses that can cause severe vomiting and diarrhea. It is very common and spreads easily. Infected individuals can spread the virus through close contact, touching contaminated surfaces and then touching their mouth, or consuming contaminated food or water. Many people refer to norovirus as stomach flu, but the virus is not related to influenza.

How is Norovirus Contracted?

The virus can be acquired through close contact with an infected person, touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouth, or consuming contaminated food or water.
Norovirus is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States, often originating from contaminated foods. When a food handler comes into contact with food before serving it, the virus can spread. Some foods, including oysters and other seafood, can occasionally become naturally contaminated with norovirus.

What are the Symptoms of Norovirus?

Norovirus can make you very sick. Symptoms typically appear 12-48 hours after exposure to the virus and last for 2-3 days. Symptoms can occur suddenly and include:
• Vomiting
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal cramps
• Headache
• Fever
• Body aches

How is Norovirus Diagnosed?

Your doctor can usually diagnose norovirus based on your symptoms. Diagnosis can also be confirmed by testing a stool sample, although this test is often unnecessary.

How is Norovirus Treated?

There is no specific treatment for norovirus, but you can take the following measures to alleviate the symptoms:
• Drink plenty of fluids
• Get plenty of rest
• Eat easily digestible foods

How Can I Prevent Getting Norovirus?

Norovirus tends to spread rapidly in enclosed environments where many people gather, such as schools, cruise ships, and nursing homes. Most cases occur during the winter and spring months. Some daily precautions you can take to reduce your risk of contracting the virus include:
• Wash hands frequently with soap and water
• Thoroughly wash fruits and vegetables
• Ensure seafood is cooked thoroughly

What is the Prognosis for Individuals Infected with Norovirus?

Most norovirus patients feel better after 2-3 days without long-term effects. Since the norovirus group includes many different types of viruses, it is possible to get the illness more than once. Norovirus can be detected in your stool both before symptoms start and up to 2 weeks after symptoms have ceased.